Submerged Operations

	A submarine that is submerged functions very close to that of an airplane. The principle parts of the submarine that control its depth and heading are collectively reffered to as control surfaces. The fairwater planes or bow planes, the stern planes, and the rudder all control the direction of the ship. The sail adds stability. As in an airplane, in order for the control surfaces to work, the submarine must be moving through the water.
In the example at right, the submarine is moving forward at a given speed. If the Officer of the Deck (OOD) desires to make the ship's depth shallow, one way of doing this is by going to "rise" on the fairwater planes. This causes the water to push on the underside of the planes and lift the submarine to a more shallow depth.
	In the example at left, there are also the bow planes and stern planes that can function the same way with a more pronounced effect. Because the bow planes and stern planes are further from the center of bouyancy, they have a greater impact on the inclination of the ship -- and thus a larger effect on the inclination/declination of the submarine. Normally, both of these planes are operated together to achieve the desired depth.